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Functional nearinfrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is an optical neuroimaging technique that measures brain activity by detecting changes in blood oxygenation levels. Chinese scientists have made significant advancements in the field of fNIRS imaging technology, contributing to improvements in its spatial resolution, temporal resolution, and sensitivity.
One of the key breakthroughs has been the development of multichannel fNIRS systems. These systems allow for simultaneous monitoring of multiple brain regions, which provides a more comprehensive understanding of neural activity during cognitive tasks or under different experimental conditions. The use of multiple wavelengths of light also enables better quantification of the concentration changes of hemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin, leading to more accurate measurements of cerebral blood flow and oxygen metabolism.
Another important development is the integration of fNIRS with other imaging modalities, such as electroencephalography (EEG), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or positron emission tomography (PET). This multimodal approach combines the strengths of each technique, offering both high spatial resolution from MRI or PET and high temporal resolution from fNIRS and EEG. It allows for a more detailed analysis of neuronal activity, which can be particularly useful for studying complex cognitive processes.
In terms of data analysis, Chinese researchers have contributed to the development of advanced algorithms and computational models that improve signal processing and artifact rejection. These methods help to reduce noise and increase the reliability of fNIRS data, enabling more accurate interpretations of brain function.
Furthermore, portability and wearability have been enhanced, making fNIRS devices more suitable for realworld applications. Compact and wireless fNIRS systems are now available, which facilitate their use in naturalistic settings outside the laboratory, such as in educational assessments, clinical diagnostics, and during daily activities.
Overall, these advancements in fNIRS technology by Chinese scientists have expanded its utility in basic research, clinical applications, and everyday use, providing a noninvasive and costeffective tool for studying brain function in diverse populations and environments.
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